How is net immigration defined?

Net immigration is defined as the difference between the number of people who enter a country for permanent residence and the number of people who leave that country. This measurement takes into account only those who are moving with the intention of making the country their new home, rather than those commuting or visiting temporarily, such as tourists. By focusing on permanent changes in residency, net immigration provides a clearer picture of how a country's population is shifting due to migration.

Other options do not capture the same concept. For instance, measuring only those immigrating does not take into account those leaving, which is crucial for understanding net effects. Similarly, counting tourists or including population growth from all sources would not reflect the specific balance of migration that impacts permanent residency statistics.